Khufu

King Khufu, called Cheops by the Greeks. His father is Sneferu and his mother queen Hetepheres. Khufu had 15 daughters and 9 sons, one of them went the successor. He reigned 23 years, some scholars say that he reigned for a long time. The first see for Khufu reign was in the late of the nineteenth century. The new rediscover made by Dr. Hawas.

Khufu passed his chops into the afterward life by, during his rule of 2589-2566 BC, requiring the building of his pyramid. Slaves living in earnest towns nearby quarried limestone into 2 million stone blocks, most weighing about 500 lbs, some much heavier.

They slid these on parallel logs extended with Nile River mud which go by the power of the floods, last up long ramps winding around the rising pyramids. Many slaves service the pharaoh and suffered bone damage and broken young. Construction took 20 years, making all year but particularly in the summer when the Nile River water flood and people power couldn’t form on fields, anyway. Some people think that there is a obscure or a treasure in the pyramid of King Khufu.

The Great Pyramid of Khufu
The great pyramid of Giza


From City of Aswan, down the Nile 600 miles on vibrating reed came granite for Khufu’s burying chamber. In time, the emperor’s true cedar and hemp, ten-oared funeral barge, carved to resemble reed boats applied to transport on the Nile, held him to the pyramid while the pharaoh's body remained cooled with palm leaves.

Then his body was taken to the funeral in a boat-shaped sledge kept by many mourners to show the society’s great sadness at his death (excepting, no doubt, the dead slaves), king Khufu was sunk (no mummification—those techniques broken later) with a collection of food, furniture collection, servants and other objectives he might exact in an after life.

Finally, the people sunk his boat (sun boats) in the sand next to the pyramid to leave him to travel and have their journey by this boats to the future world in style.
Inside the great pyramid of Khufu
Inside the great pyramid of Khufu


This pyramid of Khufu, taking more stone than all the afterwards European cathedrals merged, stood there, already an ancient keepsake, for Abraham to see when he came, craving, to Egypt. By the time of his visit, Egyptians still buried their dead in pyramids. The pyramids of Giza is the symbol of the Egypt power, and there is more arcanums and discovers alone the pyramid.

If you are visit Egypt or guess to make Egypt pyramid tours and come at (Cairo), you can get any car (Taxi) or by Metro. Just if you are in Luxor city or Aswan city you can access to [Giza Egypt] where the pyramid found by air or by train. And finally there is a head and the answer be in the remarks. Is there any pottery tools found inside the great pyramid?

The Great Pyramid of Khufu:


The pyramid of King Khufu at Giza is constructed of limestone blocks of varying size. The lowest row of blocks have outer faces of 1.47 by 1.47 meters. Where the entire block is visible the astuteness is one and one half times the height. A limestone block of this size would weigh about 8,445 kg. (9.3 tons). The uppermost continuing row has blocks less than half a m tall and weighing approximately 22.2 kg (48.9 lbs). Estimates of the total number of blocks vary greatly. Anthony P. Sakovich has surveyed the evidence and built a computer model of the pyramid. He calculates the complete number of blocks at last to 4,000,000.1. The base field of the pyramid is 5.3067 hectares [13.113 acres].

There are close sockets marking the boxes of the pyramid. Since their uncovering by William Flinders Petrie, these sockets have been used by all credible researchers as the denotation points for measurement the lengths of the assumed lines of the pyramid. Petrie surveyed these lines in 1881 and a second view was done by J. H. Cole in 1925. The two surveys hold closely with one another. The table below applies Cole’s measurements of the length and the azimuth of every line.


The unit of measure that it is expected that the Egyptians used for this and other architectural sees was the royal cubit. Numerous cubit stays have been found in Egypt. Petrie reports an frequent length of 20.632 ± 0.004" (524.05 mm.). The royal cubit was spread into seven palms and each decoration was divided into four figures. There were thus 28 digits in a royal cubit.


Utilizing this unit of measure, it would look that the target dimensions of the pyramid were home lines of 440 cubits and a height of 280 cubits. The frequent of the lengths of the four base lines is 439.58 cubits. Alternatively, if we take the average length of the base lines to be precisely 440 cubits, the length of the cubit understood would be 523.55 mm., only one-half millimeter shorter than the average covered by Petrie.


The height is a projection since there are around 30’ free from the top of the pyramid. The designed height is 280.48 cubits (146.845 meters). Interior dimensions are likewise convenient integers when regenerate to cubits. The longest interior transition is 90 cubits long and the sepulture chamber is (20x10x11) cubits.


The Egyptians looked the slope of the side of a pyramid by a unit of measurement that they called the seked. It is complete from the Rhine Mathematical Papyrus example that follows that the Egyptians considered the seked a unit of length, not a ratio. The seked is the horizontal distance that must be offset for every straight cubit of elevation in order to maintain the intended slope of the pyramid. The seked is calculated as one-half of the base divided by the height of the pyramid. It is the same as what we would call the cotangent. The instance that follows is the translation of Trouble (56) from the Rhine Mathematical Papyrus.


Who built the great pyramid:

By Aliens:

The pyramids are so accurately straight with the points of the compass that only aliens could have reached this all those thousands of years late. The angle of the slope of the faces is so precise only aliens could achieve this. The blocks are so essential and the pyramid so tall only aliens could accomplish this. In the period 2500 BC man did not have the tools or cognition necessary to build the pyramids, so only strangers could have done it. How the aliens established the pyramids is not known, but they would have practiced the use of last construction equipment.

By men:

Never underestimate the ingenuity of man. We are today so used to using machinery to carry out about all our major construction work that we sometimes forget that machinery, in terms of historical events, is a very new development, its only been around a couple of hundred years or so. Mankind managed very well without it for some thousands of years. We have long forgotten the techniques that were applied in the building of the pyramids, but this doesn't mean that we are unable to shape out how it was done.

I see them as beehive in hustle
In order to try and base who constructed the pyramids we have to examine the show that we have. We have only the pyramids themselves, the digging sites where the blocks were quarried from, and historical accounts.


Lets start with the excavation site. If like me, you have been there, you will know that it looks pretty much like any other pit you might see today, except there is plain no machinery. At the quarry face there are blocks dig the rock but not yet cut wide. There are rough hewn blocks scattered around ready for sending and on-site finishing. The entire pit shows obvious signs of systematic growth of cutting blocks out from the face and sending them from site. The rough hewn free standing bars show the marks of running chisel blows where they were chiseled out of the rock face. There is nothing in the manner of these blocks that is anything other than old fashioned quarry work utilizing a mallet and chisel. Nowhere is there any sign of advanced technology having been engaged, just the different. The blocks were hewn out of the rock-face by manual drive, the signs are clear. The chisels used were made of copper, the strongest metal then available, but even they were only good for about 100 bumps before numbing, even though limestone is comparatively soft and easy to work compared to hard rock such as granite. As the chisels were blunted they were replaced for re-sharpened ones, and the shape was persistent with a team of blacksmiths constantly re-sharpening and tempering the chisels.

The Egyptians, The Pyramids Builders

How were the blocks sent to the pyramids? By man power. The vast legal age of the blocks weighed in the region of 2.5 tons and were transmitted on wooden sledges. They could of course have taken any size for the blocks, but this must have been the first size, any bigger would probably have slowed them down. A team of men with ropes could pull the sledge crossways the clay base, and this could be relieved with a little water tipped in front of the runners serving the sledge to slip easier. It is estimated that it may have taken 10 years just to build the ramp from the quarry to the pyramids. In this manner all the blocks could be transmitted to the site of the pyramid without confronting any insurmountable challenges. So far no alien technology required, it could all be done by well organised teams of men, and a great deal of manual labour. During the time of the yearly flooding of the Nile the stone blocks could have been floated to the site of the pyramids on rafts, making the task a lot easier.

The work pull was was not one of slaves , the Egyptians didn't take slaves. The Nile supplied a very fertile land where raising was relatively easy and food long. This civilisation had time on its hands, no curiosity they were such great mathematicians, stargazers and architects. The work force was mainly made up of farmers, recruited nationwide for a period leading from a few months to a few years, and they assisted their time for their king, much like service National Service today in the armed forces. A total of 20,000 to 30,000 workers would have been needed for the task, ranging from hard hauliers, semi-skilled pit men, skilled target men, masons who broken the blocks, men who placed the blocks, functionaries and caterers. A village was purpose built to house them all and they were well fed and cared for in return for their form. The remains of the village can still be discovered today.

Now for making the pyramids themselves. About 2,550 B.C., King Khufu, the second king of the dynasty 4, commissioned the making of his tomb at Giza. Great Egyptologists believe it took someplace in the region of 80 years to construct the pyramid. Having man-hauled the blocks to the site of the pyramid the plain problem now is how to lot them up. There are a number of ways this may have been achieved, all of which require a ramp, or a system of ramps, as the only method acting available to the ancient Egyptians was man-power, and they had that in abundance.

The actual method of ramps used is not experienced with any certainty, just it most likely started with a unique ramp by which means the blocks could be hauled into place. The blocks were laid down in layers, each successive layer being a little earlier in area than the one under it to give the pyramid its shape. As the blocks are layed onto a level surface, the same height as the ramp, no lifting was essential, only hauling of the sleds. Removing the blocks from the sleigh may have involved no more than heavy the block off the sledge. The entire pyramid could have been built using this simple system without a single block actually having to be raised off the ground! No alien technology required. Very smart people these Egyptians.

As each successive layer was laid the ramp would need be heightened, and far so as not to be too steep. Eventually this method would reach a limit where the size and building of the ramp would be nearly as complex as the pyramid. The easiest way around this problem is to trend the ramp about the pyramid as the pyramid inflated in height.

Finally, all that continued was the placing of the top stone, followed by the sending and fitting of the smooth white blocks. As the looking stones were placed so the ramp could be far as they worked their way back down. The pyramid required a certain amount of interior design and construction for the sepulture chambers, and this was no easy task. The blocks that maintained the burial chamber were 50 ton blocks of granite. Even with the huge teams of men at their disposecondal and a system of ropes and overseers guiding them, it would have been a difficult and dangerous task. There are still checks visible on the blocks and in the home of the pyramid that were applied to guide the blocks into position. Difficult yes, impossible no.

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Tutankhamun (1334-1325 B.C.)

Tutankhamun was the twelfth king of Egypt during the dynasty 18 of the New Kingdom (the golden mature of ancient Egypt and the years of the power). The direct dates of his rule are yet disputed today. The dates range from 1361 B.C.E.1 to 1333 B.C.E.2 He became Pharaoh at a very young age. Many historians believe he was between eight and ten years old when he was crowned. Even though he was quite young at that time, he established much in the Egyptian Empire. As early as the third year of his rule, he lifted a ban that foreclosed the Egyptian people from worshiping the religion of Amun. In accord with this, he likewise had the Amun temples reopened and reconstructed. King Tut is personally credited for the building of two great temples in Karnak and Luxor. With Tutankhamun being very young during these determinations, it is generally saw that he was most likely acting on influences from his advisors, Ay and Horemheb.

While planning the building of the temples, Tutankhamun married a young lady, thought to be his step-sister, by the name of Ankhesenpaaten. He and Ankhesenpaaten had 2 daughters who were both still born. After ruling until he was nearing his 20s, He died short. Being that his dying took place over 3000 years ago, it is out to separate with pure certainty how it happened. There are, however, a number of hints in his grave and elsewhere in Egypt that give brainstorm into the events that led up to his death. The pharaoh did not die by any accident or illness—he was murdered.

In fact, some more is known about Tutankhamun’s death than his life. After burial in his grave, the king remained clear for well over 3000 years. In stark conflict to other Pharaoh tombs, His tomb was not opened and clean, which allowed perfect preservation up to February 16, 1923, when Howard Carter presented the good Service to the science by broken the last seal to the tomb.

Professor Carter had been working for Lord Carnarvon, a wealthy Egyptian artifact gatherer. After finding different clues about the being of King Tutankhamun, Carter began to search for his tomb. Carter went his search for this undiscovered pharaoh in 1915. Afterwards working for over 6 years trying to find the tomb, Lord Carnavron got frustrated and told Carter to find the tomb in one more season or he would stop the funding of Carter’s digs. Luckily Carter followed, and in late 1922 got the entry to Tutankhamun’s tomb.

While going passim the tomb, Dr. Carter meticulously cataloged and photographed everything. Many of the items in The king’s tomb were priceless artifacts. There were myriad items and many precious gems. The history tell of the items far passed the pecuniary value of them. There were ancient Egyptian items that were over 3000 years old. Among some of the more historically significant details were the very great number of writings that were on the walls. These hieroglyphs mainly read the king Tut in the after life. The Egyptians thought that their kings would got gods after their death and go to live with the king of the gods, Ra. Of even better interest were great hieroglyphics that revealed more about the pharaoh.

For instance, among the writing is one which says that he was “a king’s son”. Although not unique as to which king, this is some evidence as to the parentage of King Tut. It helps to give view as to how Tutankhamun became the king. Many historians job that he was the son of Amenhotep III collect to the time of Amenhotep’s rule and also some pictures that look to depict him on the burial chamber walls. His mother is set a mystery to many. No images were found that would depict who his mother could be. Amenhotep’s wife during his govern was the very popular Tiye. If she was Tut’s mother, she would have been mentioned considerably within his tomb because during her rule as the Queen of Egypt, she was very frequent among her people. Much is reflected to his line due to the fact that not often information survived during this time period. His father was decidedly a pharaoh, but that could range from Amenhotep III to his son, Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten). Right next to the different hieroglyphs displayed on the walls of his tomb was a discover of the excellent archeological discoveries ever to be got, his coffin.


His coffin was found totally intact and unopened. It was the first time that a coffin of a Pharaoh had been discovered sealed. Tutankhamun’s coffin was actually made up of many different layers. The first layer was a nine foot extended quartzite sarcophagus. This cover weighed over a ton and was meant to service protect the messages of the coffin. The second layer was an image of the king with colored stones. Within this second coffin was a third that was made out of a red linen shroud and covered with blooms. The flowers, although far dead and dry, show that the king was forgotten during the spring time when the flushes would have been available. The final coffin of the king was even better than the first three. It was made from pure 22-caret gold weighing nearly 300 pounds carved into a likeness of The king. Alone that coffin was his perfectly mummified corpse.

Tomb of Tutankhamun
Tomb of Tutankhamun

By the essential discover (x-ray): Afterwards the corpse was examined by professionals, an x-ray was taken. This was done in order to aid figure out how Tut had passed. He was quite young at the time of his last and Carter was quite involved in the cause of it. The results of that helped put some of the mystery to rest: King Tut had been late. There was evidence that he suffered a blow to the back of his head. After refreshing the results, a hurt specialist said, “The blow was to a maintained area at the back of the head which injure in an accident, someone had to sneak up from behind.” The testimonial of the trauma specialist gives a clear indication that the injury fired not have occurred from his falling on the ground. It was not fortuity like some historians had begun to believe. The injury had to have been from a specific blow to his head getting from someone behind him. Another thing that the test of the rays pointed out was a thickening of a specific bone in his cranium which only comes after a build-up of blood in the brain: a subdural haematoma.

Although that had served many questions about the death of The king, it has recently come under scrutiny expected to a Computed Tomographic scan of his body that occurred on 2005. (A CT) scan is a machine that takes thousands of ray x of a single object and combines them to give a three-dimensional view of the entire bone construction. Tut’s scan was done in conjunction with 5 other Egyptian mummies done by the Bowers Museum in Santa Ana, California. The reads were performed to aid with an present being made in the museum about how mummies died. Tut’s CT scan showed no show of the head trauma, but it spotlighted that The knig had a broken thighbone. Although the scan does not show evidence for the late trial effects, it does show that The king still most future died from an injury. The only close that can be drawn from looking at the results from several the ray and CT scans is that he broken from an forced cause. Nowadays technology power simply adds more mystery to the have of his death.

King Tut DNA:

Two year work was the first to hold advanced radiological and transmitted testing techniques on mummies, earlier thought impossible credited their age and the techniques held to carry on the bodies. The team of Egyptian and extraneous scientists chaired by Zahi Hawass, secretary widespread of the (Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities), distilled DNA from the bones of 11 ancient Egyptian mummies and published their determinations in the Journal of the (American Medical Association) on Wed.

“This is the first time someone did something alike this with pharaohnic DNA,” tells Carsten Pusch assort professor at the "Institute of Human Genetics" at the University of Tübingen in Germany, who worked on the study. “We have exposed it's conceivable to form with the DNA of mummies and at once we have given a new door. Behind the door, there’s a new cosmos awaiting for us.”

Tutankhamun wearing his blue crown:

The blue crown of king Tut
This head is a fragment from a statue group that comprised the god Amun, seated on a throne, and Tutankhamun straight or kneeling in front of him, king and god facing in the same direction. The king’s figure was substantially smaller than that of the god, indicating his associate status in the front of the deity. All that remains of Amun is his right hand, which feeling the back of the king’s crown in a gesture that signifies Tutankhamun’s investment as king. During coronation rituals various types of crowns were assumed the king’s head. The type described here-probably a leather helmet with metal disks tailored onto it was mostly painted blue, hence the Egyptologist’s term “blue crown” The ancient name was khepresh.

The statue group this fragmentise comes from must have been licensed when Egypt returned to the worship of the traditional gods after the death of Akhenaten. Tutankhamun, whose call during the Amarna era had been TutankhatenÑthe keep (ankh) image (tut) of Aten must have been learned in the unique worship of the Aten (sun disk, light), but he big the take to orthodoxy. Since representations of immortals had been widely destroyed during the Amarna period, it became necessary to dedicate a host of new god statues in the temples of Egypt when the country returned to its old gods. The passing hard “indurated” limestone was among the favored materials for such statues.

Statue groups showing a king together with gods had been produced since the Old Kingdom (visitors to the Museum can as well look the group of pharaoh Sahure, acc. no. 18.2.4), and formal groups concerning to the pharaoh’s coronation were dedicated at Karnak by Queen Hatshepsut and other kings of the Eighteenth Dynasty. The Metropolitan’s head of Tutankhamun with the deal of Amun is special because of the affair with which the subject is treated. The face of the king expresses a touching youthful earnestness, and the hand of the deity is raised toward his crown with gentle aid. Images as charged with thought as this were achievable only under the shape of the art of the Amarna period.

The tomb King Tutankhamun (KV62) at the valley of the kings. The tourist puts up travel in Luxor tour to visit the valley of the kings by plan or by train.

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